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The PDR Book

Works Cited

A note on sources. As of September 2026 a search of Scopus returns no peer-reviewed study of the mechanics of paintless dent repair. The literature cited here is therefore adjacent rather than direct: it concerns how panels are formed, how they resist denting, and how metal behaves when it is bent and unbent. Where a claim in this book rests on that literature it is footnoted; where it rests on the bench it is not, and the difference is deliberate.

  1. Thomas, Dylan, Blake Hodgins, Michael Worswick, Mark J. Finn, and Kevin Gong. “Static and Dynamic Denting of Paint Baked AA6111 Panels: Comparison of Finite Element Predictions and Experiments.” SAE Transactions 110 (2001): 993–1006. JSTOR 44699863.
  2. Wagoner, R. H., J. F. Wang, and M. Li. “Springback.” In ASM Handbook, vol. 14B, Metalworking: Sheet Forming, edited by S. L. Semiatin, 733–755. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 2006. doi:10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005131.
  3. He, Yan Lin. “Conventional High-Strength Automotive Steels.” In ASM Handbook, vol. 1, Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 2026. doi:10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0007110.
  4. Kazanowski, Pawel. “Forming of Aluminum Alloys.” In ASM Handbook, vol. 14B, Metalworking: Sheet Forming. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 2006. doi:10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005141.
  5. “Bending of Sheet Metal.” In ASM Handbook, vol. 14B, Metalworking: Sheet Forming. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 2006. doi:10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005161.
  6. Palaniswamy, Hari. “Plastic Deformation: State of Stress, Yield Criteria, Flow Rule, and Hardening Rules.” In Sheet Metal Forming Fundamentals. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 2012. doi:10.31399/asm.tb.smff.t53400053.
  7. Dinovitzer, Aaron, Sanjay Tiku, and Mark Piazza. “Dent Assessment and Management: API Recommended Practice 1183.” In Proceedings of the 13th International Pipeline Conference, IPC2020-9724. New York: ASME, 2020. doi:10.1115/IPC2020-9724.
  8. Simmons, Frank, III, Jose Veciana, and John Wallace. “Effects of Dent Removal on the Design Properties of Fuselage Skin Material.” In Collection of Technical Papers — AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, 891–901. Reston, VA: AIAA, 2000.
  9. Davies, Geoff. Materials for Automobile Bodies. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
  10. Sargent, Frank T. Key to Metal Bumping.
  11. Hasluck, Paul N. Metalworking. London, 1907.
  12. Archard, J. F. “Elastic Deformation and the Laws of Friction.” Proceedings of the Royal Society A 243 (1957).
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